Philosophy and Logic: Writing Rhetoric & Grammar

The Rhetorical Patterns - Organizing Essays for Different Rhetorical Situations

Lincoln University - https://www.lincoln.edu/

(These Grammar Topics Below at Grammarly)

Writing, Rhetoric & Composition

Module 3: Writing Essentials

Module 4: Writing in College

Module 5: Grammar Essentials

Module 6: The Writing Process

Module 7: Revising and Proofreading

Module 8: Analysis and Synthesis

Module 9: Academic Argument

Module 12: Grammar Basics

Glossary of Grammatical Terms
Here's our glossary of grammatical terms. (Every entry has an interactive exercise, which is printable and sendable.)
https://www.grammar-monster.com/...terms_and_definitions.htm

Common Grammar Errors
https://www.grammar-monster.com/common_grammar_errors.htm

Punctuation Lessons on Grammar Monster
Here are our punctuation lessons:
https://www.grammar-monster.com/punctuation_lessons.htm

Parts of Speech Lists; adjective, adverbs, etc...
https://www.grammar-monster.com/parts_of_speech_lists.htm

(More) Free English Grammar Lessons and Tests
Welcome to Grammar Monster!
https://www.grammar-monster.com/

https://www.vocabulary.com/

This index includes 427 references to both the Guide to Grammar and Writing and Principles of Composition. It does not, however, include references to the interactive Quizzes or to the Grammarlogs (posted responses to ASK GRAMMAR queries). The Frequently Asked Questions page and the Guide's Search Engine will also help you find help on grammatical issues, tips on composition, and advice on English usage. - http://guidetogrammar.org/grammar/

A, An, The (articles) A- Adjectives Abbreviations Abstract Nouns Absolute Phrases Acronyms (plurals of) Acronyms (redundancy) Active Voice (in verbs) A.D. and B.C. Adjectives Adjective Clauses Adjectival Labels Adjuncts Adverbs Adverb Clauses Adverbial Conjunctions Agenda (for meetings) Agent (of a sentence) Agreement: Pron. & Ant. Agreement: Subj. - Verb Alphabetical Order Amplifiers Analysis-Classification And to begin sent. Anomalous Anonymies Antecedent Apologetic Quotation Marks Apostrophe APA-style Documentation Appositive Phrases Argumentative Essays Articles Articles & Acronyms As versus Like Ask Grammar Attributive Noun Author's Credentials Auxiliary Verbs Awards (for this site) Bad and Badly Bare Infinitive "Be" (the verb) Because to begin sent. Because clause Bible (parallelism) Bookshelf (recommended) Brackets Brainstorming British Spelling Bulleted Lists Bush, George W., solecisms Business Letter (format) But to begin sent. Can and Could Capitalization Case (of pronouns) Cases in appositives Catenative Verbs Causative Verbs Cause-Effect Essays Classification-Analysis Clauses Cleft Sentences Clichés (Eliminating) Clustering (ideas) Coherence Collective Adjectives Collective Nouns Colon Combining Sentences Commas Comma Splices Company Names Comparative Adjectives Comparative Adverbs Comparison-Contrast Complements Complete Predicates Complex Sentences Compositions (writing) Compound Plurals Compound Possessives Compound Words Compound Sentences Compounded Subjects/Objects Compound-Complex Sentences Compounding Pronouns Computers and Writing Concluding Paragraphs Concrete Language Concise Sentences Conditional Verbs Conditional (1st, 2nd, 3rd) Confusion (Eliminating) Conjunctions Conjunctive Adverbs Conjuncts Contractions Contractions (in essays) Coordinate Adjectives Coordinating Conjunctions Copulas (verbs) Correlative Conjunctions Could Count Nouns Cumulative Sentences Dangling Modifiers Dashes Deadly Sin Checklist Definition Essays Degrees (adj) w/ premodifiers Demonstrative Pronouns Dependent Clauses Descriptive Essays Determiners Diagramming Sentences Dictionaries, Thesauri (list) Direct Objects Directory of Tenses Discontinuous noun phrase Disjuncts Display (Vertical) Lists Ditransitive Verbs Do, Does, Did Do versus Make Double Negatives Double Possessives Double Prepositions Double Punctuation Downtoners Dynamic Verbs Editing/Proofreading E.g. and i.e. Ellipsis Elliptical Clauses E-mail (capitals) Emphasizers Emphatic Sentences Essay Writing Essential Clauses	Euphemism Evaluative Essays Examples (in essays) Exclamation Mark Expletive Constructions Factitive Verbs Family Names (plurals) FANBOYS FAQ (page) Few and A Few Fewer and Less Finite Verbs First Conditional Five-Paragraph Essay Focus Adverbs Format Requirements Fragments Freewriting Freq. Asked Questions Fused Sentences Future Tenses Gender Problems Gerunds Gerunds vs Infinitives Gerund Phrases Gettysburg Address (parallelism) Going to . . . Good and Well GRAMMARLOGS (answers) GrammarPoll GrammarRock Lyrics Guestbook Guestbook Archives Have, Has, and Had Helping Verbs Historical (a/an) Holidays (forms) Homonyms/Homophones Hyphens I.e. and e.g. Imperative Mood Indefinite Pronouns Indefinite Relative Pronouns Independent Clauses Indicative Mood Indirect Objects Indirect Questions Indirect Quotations Indirect Speech Infinitives Infinitive Phrases Initials Intensifiers (adverbs) Intensifiers (Unnecessary) Intensive Pronouns Interjections Internet (writing resource) Interrobang Interrogative Adjectives Interrogative Pronouns Intransitive Verbs Introductory Paragraphs Inversion (of subj-verb) Irregular Plurals Irregular Verb Forms Italics Its versus It's Jr., Sr., etc. Lay, lie Less and Fewer Like versus As Linking Verbs Lists Literature (writing about) Little and A Little Logic Mass Nouns May and Might Minutes (for meetings) Misplaced Modifiers Mixed Constructions Mixed Metaphors MLA-style documentation Mnemonics (spelling) Modal Auxiliary Verbs Modifiers Modifier Placement Moods of Verbs More Than vs Over Mutating/Mutated Plurals Myself, me Narrative Essays Nonrestrictive Clauses Negative Adverbs Nominative Absolute Nominative Possessive Non-Count Nouns None (singular/plural) Non-Finite Verbs Nouns Noun Clauses Noun Markers Noun of Address Noun Phrases NOTORIOUS CONFUSABLES Numbered Lists Numbers (Using) Object Complements Objectivity (maintaining) Objects One (as a pronoun) Online Resources Outlining Over vs. more than Oxford Comma Packed Noun Phrases Paragraphs Parallelism Parentheses Parenthetical Elements Participles Participial Phrases Particles Parts of Speech Passive Gerunds Passive Infinitives Passive Participles Passive Voice (in verbs) Perfect Infinitive Periodic Sentences Periods Person (of pronouns) Personal Essays Personal Pronouns Phrasal Modals Phrasal Verbs Phrases Plagiarism (avoiding)	Plague Words Pleonasm Plural Noun Forms Plurals & Apostrophes Plurals of Compounds Point of View Possessives Possessive w/ Gerunds Powerpoint Presentations Predeterminers Predicate Adjectives Predicate Nominative Predicates Prefixes Preposition (end of sent.) Prepositions Prepositions (list) Prepositions, Superfluous Prepositional Phrases Primer Language (Avoiding) Process Essays Progressive Verbs Pronouns (Defined) Pronoun - Ant. Agrmnt Pronouns & Nouns Combined Pronoun Cases Pronoun Consistency Proofreading/Editing Proofreading Symbols Proper Adjectives Proper Nouns Punctuation Purpose (in writing) Quantifiers Question Marks QUIZZES Quotation Marks Reciprocal Pronouns Redundancy (Avoiding) Referral Form Relative Adverbs Relative Clauses Relative Pronouns Reflexive Pronouns Reported Speech Research Papers Restrictive Clauses Resulting Copulas Resumes Resumptive Modifier Reviews (Literary) Rhetorical Questions Run-on Sentences SEARCH ENGINE Second Conditional Sequence of Tenses Semicolons Sentence Combining Sentences (defined) Sentences (types) Sentential Clauses Sequence of Verbs Serial Comma Sexism in Language Shall and Will Should Sic Silent Speech Simple Predicates Simple Sentences Simple Subjects Single Quote Marks Slant (or Slash) Slash (or Virgule) Solidus (or Slant) Spelling Split Infinitives Sports Teams' Names Squinting Modifiers Stacked Noun Phrases Stative Verbs Stylistic Fragments Subject Complements Subjects Subject-Verb Agreement Subject-Verb Inversion Subjunctive Mood Subordinate Clause Subordinating Conjunctions Summative Modifier Suffixes Superlative (Adjectives) Suspended Compounds Tag Questions Tenses of Verbs Tense Consistency Than and Then Than (in comparisons) That (omitted) That versus Which Thesis Statement Third Conditional Third-Person Essays Titles (italics, etc.) "To Be" Verb Tone Topic Sentence Toward and Towards Transitions (b/w sentences, par's) Transitive Verbs Unbiased Language Underlining Understood Subjects Untriggered Reflexive Pron. Used to Verbals Verbs Verb Complements Verb Tense Sequence Verb Tense Directory Verb Tenses Verb Tense Consistency Vertical (Display) Lists Viewpoint Adverbs Virgule (or Slash) Vocatives Vocabulary (Building) Voice (active/passive) Warning (about Guide use) Well and Good Which versus That Who and Whom Will and Shall Will and Would Wordy versus Concise Sentences Writers (on writing) Writer's Block Zero Articles

Guide to Grammar
and Writing Principles of
Composition

Rhetorical Patterns - https://human.libretexts.org/

The term rhetorical modes refers to the different styles and techniques we use when we write. This chapter will discuss different modes, explaining the specific aspects and techniques involved in these methods of communication. As you read about these, remember that the rhetorical mode a writer chooses depends on his/her purpose for writing. Some assignments ask students to use a specific rhetorical mode, such as writing a descriptive passage or contrasting two concepts, but most essays incorporate several different rhetorical modes to express an idea. Overall, the rhetorical modes are a set of tools that allow you different methods to effectively communicate information to your audience.

8.1: Narrative

The purpose of narrative writing is to tell stories. This is a form we are familiar with, as any time we tell a story about an event or incident in our day, we are engaging in a form of narration.
8.2: Description

Description is the tool writers use to make things come alive for their readers, to make sure that their audience is fully immersed in the words on the page. Every time you tell a story to someone, or tell someone about something, you use description even if you don’t know it.
8.3: Process Analysis

The purpose of a process analysis essay is to explain how to do something or how something works. In either case, the formula for a process analysis essay remains the same. The process is articulated into clear, definitive steps.
8.4: Illustration and Exemplification

To illustrate means to show or demonstrate something clearly through the use of evidence. To exemplify means to demonstrate through the use of examples. This is a technique that can stand alone but is most often used within an essay to demonstrate the various points that an essay is offering as it supports it thesis.
8.5: Cause and Effect

It is often considered human nature to ask, “why?” and “how?” We want to know how our child got sick so we can better prevent it from happening in the future, or why our colleague received a pay raise because we want one as well.
8.6: Compare and Contrast

Comparison in writing discusses elements that are similar, while contrast in writing discusses elements that are different. A compare-and-contrast essay, then, analyzes two subjects by comparing them, contrasting them, or both.
8.7: Definition

The purpose of a definition essay may seem self-explanatory, to simply define something. But defining terms in writing is often more complicated than just consulting a dictionary. In fact, the way we define terms can have far-reaching consequences for individuals as well as collective groups.
8.8: Classification

The purpose of classification is to break down broad subjects into smaller, more manageable, more specific parts. We classify things in our daily lives all the time, often without even thinking about it.

https://human.libretexts.org/

Speech, Representation, and Power - Atilla Hallsby

This textbook offers a undergraduate-appropriate survey of rhetorical theory centered on techniques of speaking, cultural modes of representation, and entrenched hierarchies of power. It covers rhetoric's problematic "origins" in ancient Greece, rhetoric as a feature of 20th-century sign- and symbol-systems, rhetoric's role in crafting shared ideologies and belief systems, narrative-, argument-, and visual-based approaches to rhetoric, and a variety of different "situations" (rhetorical, settler colonial, secrecy/surveillance, and digital) where rhetoric continues to be found and felt in contemporary U.S. culture. This book also includes audio or video recordings for each chapter, recommended written assignments, and study guides for quizzes/exams. Developed in the wake of the 2020 global pandemic, this resource is designed for a range of modalities (online synchronous, online asynchronous, in-person, and hybrid). Additional materials (PowerPoint slides, quiz/exam questions) are also available to confirmed instructors upon request.

Contents

Pages

Writing Rhetoric & Grammar

Grammar Basics

Syntax Rules

Mechanics

Punctuation

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